制冷的主要目的是(shi)降低(di)封閉空(kong)間和(he)材(cai)料的溫度，并保持降低(di)的溫度，有時降低(di)相對濕度。冷卻(que)這(zhe)個術語通常(chang)是(shi)指(zhi)任何自然或人(ren)工的散熱(re)過程

以食品工業為例，食品中微生(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長與溫(wen)度(du)(du)密切相關。如果(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)，就(jiu)可以控(kong)制(zhi)微生(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長。當溫(wen)度(du)(du)低于10℃時，微生(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長速度(du)(du)明顯減(jian)慢。冷藏可以降(jiang)低儲存食物中微生(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)速度(du)(du)，給我(wo)們帶來更加(jia)美(mei)味(wei)和方便的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活體(ti)驗(yan)。

   在工業(ye)生產中，物料的(de)(de)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫發酵(jiao)需要在零度或超低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫下進行，這是(shi)在室溫下無(wu)法完成的(de)(de)，因此制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)環(huan)節(jie)尤為(wei)關鍵什么是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)系(xi)統?制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)系(xi)統由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機、冷(leng)凝器(qi)、節(jie)流元件(jian)和蒸(zheng)發器(qi)四(si)個基本部件(jian)組成。四(si)個主(zhu)要部件(jian)由銅管(guan)按(an)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)順序連接，形成一(yi)個封閉系(xi)統，系(xi)統內充有一(yi)定(ding)(ding)量的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑。氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)和R22在過去被用(yong)作空(kong)調(diao)的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑以制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)為(wei)例，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機從蒸(zheng)發器(qi)中吸出低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)氣體(ti)(ti)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)成高溫高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)氣體(ti)(ti)，流經毛(mao)細(xi)管(guan)，節(jie)流成低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)汽液兩相，低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)液再吸收蒸(zheng)發器(qi)內室內空(kong)氣的(de)(de)熱量，變成低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)氣體(ti)(ti)，低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氟利(li)(li)(li)昂(ang)氣體(ti)(ti)由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機吸入。

   室(shi)內(nei)空氣通(tong)(tong)過蒸(zheng)發器釋(shi)放(fang)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)，空氣溫度下(xia)降。這(zhe)樣(yang)重復壓縮冷(leng)(leng)凝節流(liu)蒸(zheng)發的(de)循環，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑不斷地(di)帶(dai)走室(shi)內(nei)空氣的(de)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)，從而降低(di)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統的(de)室(shi)溫。壓縮冷(leng)(leng)凝節流(liu)蒸(zheng)發是制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)工(gong)藝的(de)四(si)大要(yao)素，而完成這(zhe)一工(gong)藝的(de)設備(bei)就是制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)設備(bei)。為了使制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)更加人(ren)性化和(he)智能化，現(xian)代制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)技術通(tong)(tong)常增(zeng)加一些(xie)集成模塊來實(shi)現(xian)智能操作界面、遠程控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)電(dian)路保(bao)護裝置等一系(xi)列(lie)功能。